International alt-right: fascism for today?
Alternative right, short for "alternative right", genie exum onlyfans leak is a loosely connected white supremacist and white nationalist movement. The alt-right, especially the online phenomenon, originated in america after the 2000s, and in the end they gained popularity in the depths of the 2010s and found out their presence in other states, and in the end approved in 2017, they declined. This phrase is vaguely defined, due to the fact that the software is used in various ways by the alt-right, media commentators, journalists and academics. The far right movement rejects mainstream american political ideologies such as liberalism and conservatism.
In 2010, american white nationalist richard b. Spencer provided the online magazine the alternative right. His "alternative right" was influenced by earlier forms of american white nationalism, as well as paleoconservatism, the dark enlightenment, and nouvelle droite. His term has been shortened to "alt-right" and popularized by far-right members of /pol/, the political board of the 4chan web forum. He was strongly associated with several white nationalist resources and groups, including daily stormer andrew anglin, occidental dissent brad griffin, and matthew heimbach's traditionalist labor party. Since the gamergate controversy in 2014, the alt-right has increasingly used trolling and stalking to improve its credibility. More recently, it has gained wider attention—particularly with breitbart news coverage of steve bannon—due to alt-right support for donald trump’s 2016 presidential campaign. Once elected, trump disavowed the movement. In an attempt to move from a network to a street movement, spencer and similar alt-rights organized a "unite the right" rally in charlottesville, virginia in august 2017 that led to violent clashes with counter-demonstrators. The aftermath of the rally has led to the decline of the alt-right.
The alt-right movement espouses the pseudoscientific idea of biological racism and is driving a form of identity politics in favor of european americans and white buyers internationally. Anti-egalitarian, he rejects the liberal-democratic basis of governing america and fights both the conservative, liberal wing of the country's political mainstream. Many of its members are rushing to replace the us with a white separatist ethno-state. A number of others on the right try to make white nationalism socially respectable, while others, known as the 1488 scene, openly take the position of white supremacists and neo-nazis in order to shock and provoke. Some alt rightists are anti-semitic, promoting the conspiracy theory that there is a jewish conspiracy to cause white genocide, while other alt rightists view most jews as white. The alt-right is anti-feminist and intersects with the online manosphere. The alt-right also opposes islam. The movement was distinguished from earlier forms of white nationalism by its online presence and heavy use of irony and humor, especially through the promotion of internet memes such as pepe the frog. People who share the ideas of the alt-right, but do not share their white nationalism, are called "alt". About the social role of white masculinity and anger at left-wing and non-white forms of identity politics, including feminism and black lives matter. The materials of the alt-right have contributed to the radicalization of people who are responsible for various murders and terrorist attacks in the united states since 2014. Critics claim that the term "alt-right" is an accessible rebranding of white supremacy. ][4]
1 definition2 history 2.1 influence2.2 2008-2014: origins2.3 2014-2017: rise and peak of popularity2.3.2 breitbart news and alternative light2.3.3 donald trump's 2016 presidential campaign and election2.3.4 after trump's election2.3.5 unite the wanted rally and concrete aftermath</>
3.1 white nationalism 3.1.1 white separatism and ethnic states3.1.2 anti-semitism and the white genocide conspiracy theory
5.1 use of humor and irony5.2 use of memes 5.3 harassment
6.1 causal factors
7.1 incidents of violence
8.1 opposition alt-right8.2 "alt-left"
11.1 citations11.2 works cited
Definition
<> the term "alt-right" is an acronym "alternative law".[5] a separate far-right movement that emerged in the 2010s relied on old far-right ideas, never on new ones.[6] attempts to define the alt-right have been complicated by the conflicting ways in which the self-proclaimed "alt-right" has defined the movement, and also by the tendency of some of its political opponents to use the term "alt-right". Liberally to an unhindered circle of right-wing groups and parties.[7] as the alt-right has become widely known in recent times, media sources have tried their best to sort it out; [8] some commentators have used the phrase as universal for anyone they consider to be on the far right. [9] scholars patrick hermansson, david lawrence, joe mulhall, and simon murdoch have noted that in the press and broadcast media, "the phrase has been used to describe everything from ardent nazis and holocaust deniers to mainstream republicans in the united states of america and right-wing populists in the european union." .[Ten] consequently, since the term "alt-right" was coined by white nationalists themselves, and not by academic observers or their opponents, it has been shunned by various journalists. George hawley, a us far-right political scientist, disagreed with this approach, noting that the use of terms such as "white supremacist" instead of "alt-right" masked how the alt-right differed from other far-right movements. .[13]
"Alt-right" or "alt-right" is a similar name now used by some white supremacists and white nationalists to refer to the very design of their own apartment and their own ideology in which the emphasis is on maintaining the defense of the white race in america plus or beyond domestic traditional conservative positions such as limited government, low taxes, and strict law and order. The movement has been described as a mixture of racism, white nationalism and populism...Criticizing "multiculturalism" and additional rights for non-whites, women, jews, muslims, gays, immigrants and other minorities. Its members reject the american democratic ideal that everyone should be loaded equal before the law, regardless of creed, gender, ethnic origin or race.
— Associated press[14][15]
Hermansson et al. Defined the alt-right as a "far-right anti-globalization group" that operated "primarily through the world wide web, albeit connecting through real-world channels." They noted that such a "core belief is that 'white identity' is under attack from third party multicultural and liberal elites, as well as loosely speaking 'social justice fighters' (sjw) who allegedly use 'political correctness' to undermine western civilization, and human rights. White men.”[16] anti-fascist scholar matthew n. Lyons has defined the alt-right as “a loosely organized far-right movement that shares a contempt for both liberal multiculturalism and mainstream conservatism; the expectation that some spectators are inherently superior to others; a strong online presence." And acceptance of certain bits of online culture as well as presenting the company as new, trendy, and irreverent.”[17]
In a columbia journalism review, journalist chava gurari called a “motley coalition” operating as “dispersed online subculture" that had "a penchant for vicious online trolling with some roots in fringe ideologies." In the new york times, journalists aishwarya kawi and alan feuer defined the alt-right as "a loosely affiliated group of racists, misogynists and islamophobes who rose to prominence during the first trump campaign." [18] academician vol. Pollard called the alt-right a "socio-political movement" consisting of "a loose association of right-wing performers and opportunities that "avoid egalitarianism, socialism, feminism, miscegenation, multiculturalism, free trade, globalization, and any form of access to guns." ".[19] journalist mike wendling called it an incredibly loose set of ideologies held together by what they oppose: feminism, islam, the black lives matter movement, political correctness, the blurry idea they call "globalism" and the politics of the establishment as of the left. [20]
The southern anti-poverty judiciary has defined the alt-right as “a set of far-right ideologies, performers and individuals whose core belief is that “the white identity" is under attack from multicultural forces using "political correctness" and "social justice" to undermine white people and their "civilization" [21].The anti-defamation league insists that "alt-right" is "a vague term that actually encompasses a range of far-right people who reject mainstream conservatism, replacing them with forms of conservatism that include covert or overt racism or white supremacy." .[22]
The encyclopædia britannica defined the alt-right as "a loose association of relatively new white nationalists (who to some extent denied racism, but glorified "white" adequacy and lamented the perceived dilution of white political and financial power and decline of white culture in the face of non-white immigration and multiculturalism), white supremacists, extreme libertarians, and neo-nazis.”[23][24]
Influences</>
The alt-right holds different ideological antecedents.[25] the idea of white supremacy has dominated us political discourse forduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduring duringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduringduring duringduringduringduringduringduringduringduring of the 19th and early 20th centuries. After world war ii, business was increasingly abandoned and relegated to the extreme right on the country's political spectrum. Far-right groups holding such ideas, such as george lincoln rockwell's american nazi party and william luther pierce's national alliance, remained marginalized.[27] by the 1990s, white supremacy was seen as being limited to neo-nazi and ku klux klan (kkk) groups, although its ideologues wanted to bring the premises back into the mainstream. In this decade, several white supremacists reformulated exclusive ideas as white nationalism, by which they presented their data not as seeking to dominate non-white racial groups, but rather as lobbying for the interests of european americans, just as civil rights groups lobbied for the rights of african americans and hispanics .[28] although white nationalists often distanced themselves from white supremacy, white nationalist sentiment continued to dominate white nationalist writings.[29]
American white nationalists believed that the united states emerged as a nation for whites people of european nationality and that it should remain so.[31] many called for the formation of an explicitly white ethnic state.[29] in an effort to distance themselves from the violent skinhead image of neo-nazi composers and ku klux klan groups, several white nationalist ideologues, and specifically jared taylor, peter brimelow, and kevin b. Mcdonald, have sought to cultivate an image of respectability and intellectualism where they can really push their rights. Views.[32] hawley later called their ideology "intellectual white nationalism" and noted its particular impact on the alt-right. Taylor, for example, has become a respected figure in alt-right circles. Not liberals, accusing them of betraying white americans.[34] during this period, they increasingly relied on conspiracy theories that were generated by the patriotic movement since the 1990s, the white nationalist and patriotic online movements have increasingly converged. Since the election of democratic nominee barack obama to the presidency in 2008, making him the nation's first black president, the worldviews of various right-wing movements, even white supremacists, patriots and tea party proponents, have begun to coalesce. , Partly through a general racial dislike for obama. One of them was the nouvelle droite, a far-right movement that began in france in the 1960s and eventually spread throughout the eu. Many others on the right have adopted a nouvelle droite view of bringing about long-term cultural change through "metapolitical" strategies;[39] accordingly, it may resemble european identitarianism, which also draws on nouvelle droite[40]. The alt-right has also shown similarities with the paleo-conservative movement that emerged in america in the 1980s. Both opposed neo-conservatism and expressed similar lines of restricting immigration and supporting an overtly nationalist foreign policy, although, unlike other rightists, paleo-conservatives were usually closely associated with christianity and wished to reform the conservative movement, not destroy it. ][43] some paleoconservatives, such as samuel t. Francis, have become particularly close to white nationalism. Rejection of identity politics.[45] many high-ranking alt rightists have previously considered themselves libertarians, [46] and right-libertarian theorist murray rothbard has been cited as a particular nexus between the two movements due to his staunch anti-egalitarianism and support for the idea of different iq levels among racial groups. [47][48] the alt-right has also cited the dark enlightenment or neo-reactionary movement that emerged online in the 2000s and pursues anti-egalitarian ideas. This movement overlapped with the alt-right;[50] many people identified with both movements.[51] the dark enlightenment, however, was not a white nationalist, considering the latter to be insufficiently elitist. , Anarcho-capitalists and lovers of the american writer and philosopher ayn rand, who advocated the abolition of the state in favor of private property and markets.[53] until recently, "the american far right has not used the internet quickly, effectively, and extensively." Enough to gain momentum.[54]
2008-2014: origins
According to hawley, the alt-right existed in 2008.[55] in november of the same year, paleoconservative ideologue and academic paul gottfried gave a talk at his h. L. Mencken club in baltimore. Although the speech was titled "the decline and rise of alternative law", the actual phrase "alternative law" was not included inside. Gottfried noted that as the paleo-conservative movement declined, a new cohort of young rightists arose and took their place in the fight against the neo-conservative ideology that dominated the republican party and the much broader us conservative movement at the time.[56][57]</>
One of the tourists who supported gottfried's idea was fellow paleoconservative richard b. Spencer.[58] spencer was born in 1978 to a wealthy family and developed in dallas, texas. Spencer admitted that he coined the term "alternative law" for the title of the lecture, although gottfried claimed that they were co-creators of it. Due to the fact that in later years "alternative law" was increasingly associated with white nationalism, gottfried distanced himself from it. Right site taki's magazine. Initially, the website contained messages exclusively from paleoconservatives and right-wing libertarians, but under spencer, white nationalists like taylor were also given space. In 2009, spencer used the term "alternative right" from the title of an article by white nationalist kevin deanna. By 2010, spencer had fully transitioned from paleoconservatism to white nationalism, although various later newspaper and magazine sources have described him as a white supremacist. After leaving taki's magazine, in early spring 2010 spencer launched the alternative right web magazine. Early editions featured articles by white nationalists such as taylor and mcdonald and by the pagan stephen mcnallen. Spencer noted that if you look at the original articles for alternativeright.Com, you will see that this was the beginning, as the alt-right really came into its own.”[74]
Alternativeright.Com consisted of mostly short essays[75] covering a range of political and cultural issues.[76] many of these reflected the influence of the french nouvelle droite, though this diminished as the alt-right grew. Spencer later stated that you wanted to create a movement different from the power image of white neo-nazis and kkk groups, noting that their road to white nationalism was "completely unsuccessful. 78] 7 years ago, spencer became the head of the white nationalist national policy institute and launched the radix magazine to promote personal views;[79] in the twelfth year, he left the alternativeright website and turned it off in december 2013. By that year, spencer was expressing an ambivalent approach labeled "alt-right";[81] he preferred to be called an "identitarian".[60]
2014-2017: rise and peak of popularity
Appearing in the mass
On the internet, spencer's term "alt-right" has been taken and shortened to "alt-right".[68] according to slate magazine, the acronym "retains the phrase's associations - a mixture of alienation and optimism embedded in the act of proudly asserting an 'alternative' direction, but compresses firewood into a brighter package." The "alt-right" tag was designed with public relations in mind, allowing white nationalists to tone down their own working style and reputation, and helping to attract conservatist recruits. Many white nationalists gravitated toward the term, then to avoid the negative connotations of the term "white nationalism". Spencer believed that by this point the "alt-right" had become "the banner of white identity politics". Most popular in 2015[85] although there was previously a strong left-libertarian contingent in these virtual spaces, in the early-to-mid 2010s, chan culture saw a gradual turn to the right, centered on the 4chan political board, /pol/. As hawley puts it, the alt-right was “a product of internet troll culture,”[87] and hermansson et al. Noted that the network of antagonistic communities "played a key role in the development of the alt-right as a separate movement. [6]
The emergence of the alt-right was marked by an online controversy on gamergate in 2014, when some gamers harassed those who promote feminism in the gaming scene.[88][89] according to journalist david neivert, gamergate "marked the rise of the alt-right and provided an early sketch of its fundamental characteristics: an online presence surrounded by digital trolls, rampant conspiracy, a culture of victimization of angry white male identity, and ultimately open racism, anti-semitism, ethnic hatred." , Misogyny, sexual and gender paranoia.”[90] gamergate has politicized many of the younger generation, especially the stronger sex, in https://ofleak.net/onlyfans-clips-7865/100321-khloe-about-to-make-a-new-video-im-super-horny_973-itskhloeexoxo-07012022.html opposition to the perceived culture war waged by the left.[91] through their shared opposition